The median age was 32 years. The Illinois Constitution prohibits governments from doing anything that could cause retirement benefits for government workers to be "diminished or impaired." This local church is pastored by Cardinal Blase J. Cupich, assisted by six Episcopal Vicars, each responsible for a vicariate (region). number of members in ethno-racial group. [31], After the War of 1812, the Ottawa, Ojibwe, and Potawatomi tribes ceded additional land to the United States in the 1816 Treaty of St. Louis. The July daily average temperature is 75.9F (24.4C), with afternoon temperatures peaking at 85.0F (29.4C). [77], The Great Depression brought unprecedented suffering to Chicago, in no small part due to the city's heavy reliance on heavy industry. Segments that link to the city center are named after influential politicians, with three of them named after former U.S.Presidents (Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Reagan) and one named after two-time Democratic candidate Adlai Stevenson. [75] Chicago was the location of the infamous St. Valentine's Day Massacre in 1929, when Al Capone sent men to gun down members of a rival gang, North Side, led by Bugs Moran. [216] It is an important component in global distribution, as it is the third-largest inter-modal port in the world after Hong Kong and Singapore. In 1906, they established Dzemijetul Hajrije (The Benevolent Society) of Illinois to preserve the community's religious and national traditions as well as to provide mutual assistance for funerals and illness. Two of the country's premier academic medical centers reside in Chicago, including Northwestern Memorial Hospital and the University of Chicago Medical Center. [344] As of 2002[update], severe freight train congestion caused trains to take as long to get through the Chicago region as it took to get there from the West Coast of the country (about 2 days). ), Eclectic, a bit of everything, "I have my own beliefs", Other in the "Unitarian and other liberal faiths" family, Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. [250] These include from the time of the Great Chicago Fire to about 1900, what became known as the Chicago Literary Renaissance in the 1910s and early 1920s, and the period of the Great Depression through the 1940s. [158] A large number of blacks also settled on the West Side. [194] Illinois is home to 66 Fortune 1000 companies, including those in Chicago. The Puerto Rican-influenced jibarito is a sandwich made with flattened, fried green plantains instead of bread. [citation needed], More representational and portrait statuary includes a number of works by Lorado Taft (Fountain of Time, The Crusader, Eternal Silence, and the Heald Square Monument completed by Crunelle), French's Statue of the Republic, Edward Kemys's Lions, Saint-Gaudens's Abraham Lincoln: The Man (a.k.a. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. frequency of meditation by metro area, Learn More: frequency of meditation, At least once a week, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing, Compare: In a normal summer, temperatures reach at least 90F (32C) on as many as 23days, with lakefront locations staying cooler when winds blow off the lake. [306], Chicago Public Schools (CPS) is the governing body of the school district that contains over 600 public elementary and high schools citywide, including several selective-admission magnet schools. [85] Structural changes in industry, such as globalization and job outsourcing, caused heavy job losses for lower-skilled workers. The organization established chapters in Gary, Indiana, in 1913, and Butte, Montana, in 1916, and is the oldest existing Muslim organization in the United States. Chicago's first railway, Galena and Chicago Union Railroad, and the Illinois and Michigan Canal opened in 1848. Late in the 19th century, Chicago was part of the bicycle craze, with the Western Wheel Company, which introduced stamping to the production process and significantly reduced costs,[207] while early in the 20th century, the city was part of the automobile revolution, hosting the Brass Era car builder Bugmobile, which was founded there in 1907. Although the meatpacking industry currently plays a lesser role in the city's economy, Chicago continues to be a major transportation and distribution center. The new DW60 is the first in the United States and is the sixth tallest in the U.S.[228] Chicago was the first city in the world to ever erect a ferris wheel. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. Chicago has the third-largest gross metropolitan product in the United Statesabout $670.5billion according to September 2017 estimates. For other uses, see, 2021 United States Census Bureau American Community Survey estimates, Polish Highlanders Alliance of North America, "What Were the Largest Cities Throughout History? blizzardsoccur, such as the one in 2011. [117] Other notable streets include Michigan Avenue, State Street, Oak, Rush, Clark Street, and Belmont Avenue. Chicago is also featured in a few video games, including Watch Dogs and Midtown Madness, a real-life, car-driving simulation game. [citation needed], The city's distinctive accent, made famous by its use in classic films like The Blues Brothers and television programs like the Saturday Night Live skit "Bill Swerski's Superfans", is an advanced form of Inland Northern American English. [54][55] During its rebuilding period, Chicago constructed the world's first skyscraper in 1885, using steel-skeleton construction.[56][57]. With a population of 2,746,388 in the 2020 census,[7] it is also the most populous city in the Midwest. Chicago Population & Age Distribution Total Population 2,696,555 Age Under 5 Years: 6.1% 5 - 17: 14.3% 18 - 24: 9.8% 25 - 34: 20.1% 35 - 54: 25.9% 55 - 64: 11.1% Over 65 Years: 12.7% Educational Attainment of Adults Attending College High School Graduates College Graduated 5.3% 85.9% The racial makeup of the city in 2010 was 45.3% white and within that 45.3%, 12.9% identify as having Hispanic ancestry (31.7% non-Hispanic white ), 32% black, 5% Asian, and 3% from two or more races. [222] A 2007 report on the Chicago music industry by the University of Chicago Cultural Policy Center ranked Chicago third among metropolitan U.S. areas in "size of music industry" and fourth among all U.S. cities in "number of concerts and performances". [88] In 1979, Jane Byrne, the city's first female mayor, was elected. One-in-ten Seattleites are self-identified atheists (10%), while 6% are agnostics. . Of the remaining third, around 1. The city is the United States' third-largest convention destination. As of the 2010 Census, Chicago has the third-largest Puerto Rican population in the continental United States,[26] after New York City and Philadelphia, and the fourth largest Mexican population in the United States after Los Angeles, San Antonio, and Houston. Anarchist and socialist groups played prominent roles in creating very large and highly organized labor actions. RELIGION CENSUS IS NOW COMPLETE. During much of the last half of the 19th century, Chicago's politics were dominated by a growing Democratic Party organization. From the 1950s through 1970s, American poetry continued to evolve in Chicago. To accommodate rapid population growth and demand for better sanitation, the city improved its infrastructure. The Devon Avenue corridor on the far north side is one of the largest South Asian neighborhoods/markets in North America. Several special studies provide datafor groups without central data offices, such as the Amish, Buddhist and Hindu groups, as well as Orthodox and non-denominational Christian churches. The mother-in-law is a tamale topped with chili and served on a hot dog bun. Chicago's Italian community has historically been based along the Taylor Street and Grand Avenue corridors on the West Side of the city. The two parks themselves are connected by a wide strip of parkland called the Midway Plaisance, running adjacent to the University of Chicago. The grid's regularity provided an efficient means of developing new real estate property. an Irishman." Diocesan Priests, Deacons, Women and Men Religious, and Lay Personnel in the Archdiocese Diocesan Priests (including active and retired): 683 Religious Priests: 432 Religious Brothers: 149 Women Religious: 1,068 Deacons: 652 (includes active, active outside the diocese, seniors, and retired) Certified Pastoral Associates: 43 [294] and in 2010 Chicago's murder rate fell to 435 (16.14 per 100,000), a 5% decrease from 2009 and lowest levels since 1965. These districts include the Mexican American neighborhoods, such as Pilsen along 18th street, and La Villita along 26th Street; the Puerto Rican enclave of Paseo Boricua in the Humboldt Park neighborhood; Greektown, along South Halsted Street, immediately west of downtown;[214] Little Italy, along Taylor Street; Chinatown in Armour Square; Polish Patches in West Town; Little Seoul in Albany Park around Lawrence Avenue; Little Vietnam near Broadway in Uptown; and the Desi area, along Devon Avenue in West Ridge. [110] The South Side is the largest section of the city, encompassing roughly 60% of the city's land area. [21] After the Great Chicago Fire, many Swedish carpenters helped to rebuild the city, which led to the saying "the Swedes built Chicago. There were more than 1,061,928 households, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.1% were married couples living together, 18.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. Religion Census, email [email protected]. Chicago nicknames or aliases (official or unofficial): Chi-Town, City in a Garden, The City of the Big Shoulders, The City . This project began with the construction and improvement of the Illinois and Michigan Canal, and was completed with the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal that connects to the Illinois River, which flows into the Mississippi River. Domestic and industrial waste was once incinerated but it is now landfilled, mainly in the Calumet area. As the former Yugoslavia continued to find its identity as a nation over the last century, the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina sought stability and new beginnings in the city of Chicago many intending to return to their homeland. Religious groups represented include Muslims and Bah'. [263], Five area colleges play in DivisionI conferences: two from major conferencesthe DePaul Blue Demons (Big East Conference) and the Northwestern Wildcats (Big Ten Conference)and three from other D1 conferencesthe Chicago State Cougars (Western Athletic Conference); the Loyola Ramblers (Missouri Valley Conference); and the UIC Flames (Horizon League). The Civic Opera House is home to the Lyric Opera of Chicago. The Potawatomi were forcibly removed from their land after the 1833 Treaty of Chicago and sent west of the Mississippi River as part of the federal policy of Indian removal. But some of the nations biggest metropolitan areas have a very different look. Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. In this interactive tool, national religious composition percentages are rounded to the nearest tenth (e.g., 22.8%). It reports the number of congregations in every U.S. county and equivalents for participating faith groups. Today, the Chicago Park District consists of more than 570 parks with over 8,000 acres (3,200ha) of municipal parkland. [50][51][52] Much of the city, including railroads and stockyards, survived intact,[53] and from the ruins of the previous wooden structures arose more modern constructions of steel and stone. [177], Non-Christian faiths accounted for 7% of the religious population in 2014. [252] In the 1980s, a modern form of poetry performance began in Chicago, the poetry slam. Hispanic origin was reported at 28.9%. [citation needed], In 2005, indie rock artist Sufjan Stevens created a concept album about Illinois titled Illinois; many of its songs were about Chicago and its history. Living in same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+, 2017-2021. The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. Chicago is the theatre capital of the U.S. birthplace of storefront theatre and improv comedy, home to long-running Broadway hits and boasting more world premieres than any other city in the country. As well as the mayor, Chicago's clerk and treasurer are also elected citywide. The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. Some of the parks along the waterfront include Lincoln Park, Grant Park, Burnham Park, and Jackson Park. Pritzker. Many additional diagonal streets were recommended in the Plan of Chicago, but only the extension of Ogden Avenue was ever constructed. [280], The city is home of former United States President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama; Barack Obama was formerly a state legislator representing Chicago and later a US senator. [62], During the 1870s and 1880s, Chicago attained national stature as the leader in the movement to improve public health. [262] The Fire have won one league title and four U.S.Open Cups, since their founding in 1997. During its first century as a city, Chicago grew at a rate that ranked among the fastest growing in the world. The ceiling of its Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot (12m) Tiffany glass dome. It is the seat of several dioceses. Chicago is also the location of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra and the Lyric Opera of Chicago. Clear 2 Table. Christianity is predominant among the city's population who worship (71%). Many of the city's financial institutions, such as the CBOT and the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, are located within a section of downtown called "The Loop", which is an eight-block by five-block area of city streets that is encircled by elevated rail tracks. [241], Chicken Vesuvio is roasted bone-in chicken cooked in oil and garlic next to garlicky oven-roasted potato wedges and a sprinkling of green peas. [217], The South Side neighborhood of Hyde Park is the home of former US President Barack Obama. The racial and ethnic makeup of this state is as follows: White (81.3%), Hispanic (20.7%), African American (4%), Asian American (2.8%), and Native American (1.1%). [300] In 2013, the city's murder rate was only slightly higher than the national average as a whole. The department also reported 762 murders in Chicago for the year 2016, a total that marked a 62.79% increase in homicides from 2015. [160], The city has seen a rise in population for the 2000 census and after a decrease in 2010, it rose again for the 2020 census. [124] Presently, the four tallest buildings in the city are Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower, also a building with its own zip code), Trump International Hotel and Tower, the Aon Center (previously the Standard Oil Building), and the John Hancock Center. [209] Chicago also ranks third in the U.S. (behind Las Vegas and Orlando) in number of conventions hosted annually. [24] Henri Joutel, in his journal of 1688, noted that the eponymous wild "garlic" grew profusely in the area. Households with a computer, percent, 2017-2021. [14] It is home to several Fortune 500 companies, including Archer-Daniels-Midland, Conagra Brands, Exelon, JLL, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Mondelez International, Motorola Solutions, Sears, and United Airlines Holdings.[18]. [citation needed], The Chicago Sky is a professional basketball team playing in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Narrative fiction of that time, much of it in the style of "high-flown romance" and "genteel realism", needed a new approach to describe the urban social, political, and economic conditions of Chicago. [329], Chicago has five 50,000 watt AM radio stations: the CBS Radio-owned WBBM and WSCR; the Tribune Broadcasting-owned WGN; the Cumulus Media-owned WLS; and the ESPN Radio-owned WMVP. Behind the pavilion's stage is the Harris Theater for Music and Dance, an indoor venue for mid-sized performing arts companies, including the Chicago Opera Theater and Music of the Baroque. [251] T.S.Eliot's first professionally published poem, "The Love Song of J.Alfred Prufrock", was first published by Poetry. Polish people have been prevalent from the city's early history, but the largest waves of immigration were in the late 19th and early 20th centuries; they have been influential in the economic and social development of Chicago. What would become the influential Poetry magazine was founded in 1912 by Harriet Monroe, who was working as an art critic for the Chicago Tribune. political party by metro area. Most of the city's high-rise commercial and residential buildings are close to the waterfront. He created Lincoln Park by closing a cemetery filled with shallow graves, and in 1867, in response to an outbreak of cholera he helped establish a new Chicago Board of Health. It conducts public opinion polling, demographic research, media content analysis and other empirical social science research. cities. [191] Chicago was the base of commercial operations for industrialists John Crerar, John Whitfield Bunn, Richard Teller Crane, Marshall Field, John Farwell, Julius Rosenwald and many other commercial visionaries who laid the foundation for Midwestern and global industry. 1,112,581. Grant Park holds Millennium Park, Buckingham Fountain (1927), and the Art Institute of Chicago.
